State Plant Listings
Texas
Vegetation References
(Dominant plant species present in each vegetation type are listed in Appendix C)
27 Oak-Juniper Woodland (Quercus luniperus)
34 Saltbrush-Geasewood (Artiplex-Sarcobatus)
38 Ceniza Shrub (Leucophyllum-Larrea-Prosopis)
48 Grama-Tobosa-Prairie (Bouteloua-Hilaria)
52 Grama-Tobosa Shrubsteppe (Bouteloua-Hilaria-Larrea)
53 Trans-Pecos Savanna (Flourensia-Larrea)
54 Mesquite-Acacia-Savanna (Andropogon-Setaria-Prosopis-Acacia)
55 Mesquite-Live Oak Savanna (Andropogon- Prosopis-Quercus)
58 Grama-Buffalo Grass (Bouteloua-Buchloe)
62 Bluestem-Grama Prairie (Andropogon-Bouteloua)
64 Shinnery (Quercus-Andropogon)
68 Blackland Prairie (Andropogon-Stipa)
69 Bluestem-Sacahuista Prairie (Andropogon-Spartina)
70 Southern Cordgrass Prairie (Spartina)
75 Cross Timbers (Quercus-Andropogon)
76 Mesquite-Buffalo Grass (Bouteloua-Buchloe- Prosopis)
77 Juniper-Oak Savanna (Andropogon-Quercus-Juniperus)
78 Mesquite-Oak Savanna (Andropogon-Prosopis-Quercus)
79 Fayette Prairie (Andropogon-Buchloe)
91 Oak-Hickory Forest (Quercus-Carya)
101 Oak-Hickory-Pine Forest (Quercus-Carya-Pinus)
102 Southern Mixed Forest (Fagus-Liquidambar-Magnolia-Pinus-Quercus)
103 Southern Floodplain Forest (Quercus-Nyssa-Taxodium)
Botanical Expert
Jackie M. Poole, Botanist
Wildlife Diversity Program
Wildlife Division
Texas Parks and Wildlife Department
3000 I-35 South, Suite 100
Austin, TX 78744
(512) 912-7019
(512) 912-7058 (fax)
internet: jackie.poole@tpwd.state.tx.us
Recommended Flora
Hatch, S.L.; K.N. Gandhi; L.E. Brown. 1990. Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Texas. Texas Agricultural Experiment Station, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX. 158 pgs. + illus. Government Document Number: Z TA245.7 M681 no. 1655
Native Plants for Landscape Use in Texas
Cacti
Opuntia atrispina
Opuntia imbricata (tree cholla, walkingstick cholla)
Opuntia lindheimeri (Texas prickly pear)
Opuntia macrorhiza (common prickly pear)
Opuntia phaeacantha (purple-fruited prickly pear)
Ferns
Adiantum capillus-veneris (southern maidenhair fern)
Anemia mexicana (Mexican fern)
Asplenium platyneuron (ebony spleenwort)
Asplenium trichomanes (maidenhair spleenwort)
Astrolepis sinuata ssp. sinuata (bulb lip fern)
Athyrium filix-femina (lady fern)
Botrychium virginianum (rattlesnake fern)
Cheilanthes lindheimeri (fairy swords)
Cystopteris bulbifera (bladder fern)
Cystopteris fragilis (fragile fern)
Marsilea macropoda (water clover)
Onoclea sensibilis (sensitive fern, bead fern)
Osmunda cinnamomea (cinnamon fern)
Osmunda regalis (royal fern)
Pellaea atropurpurea (purple cliff brake)
Pellaea ovata (cliff brake)
Phegopteris hexagonoptera (broad beech fern)
Polystichum acrostichoides (Christmas fern)
Thelypteris kunthii (southern shield fern, wood fern, river fern)
Woodwardia areolata (netted chain fern)
Forbs (annuals/biennials)
Amblyolepis setigera (huisache daisy, honey daisy)
Aphanostephus skirrhobasis (lazy daisy)
Argemone albiflora ssp. texana (white prickly poppy)
Argemone mexicana (yellow prickly poppy)
Argemone sanguinea (red prickly poppy)
Baileya multiradiata (desert marigold)
Castilleja indivisa (Indian paintbrush)
Centaurea americana (basket flower)
Cleome serrulata (Rocky Mountain beeplant)
Coreopsis tinctoria (tickseed, goldenwave, plains coreopsis, calliopsis)
Dimorphocarpa wislizeni (spectacle pod)
Dracopsis amplexicaulis (clasping leaf coneflower)
Dysodiopsis tagetoides (dyssodia, dogweed, fetid marigold)
Dyssodia papposa (dyssodia, dogweed, fetid marigold)
Erodium texanum (fillaree, stork's bill)
Eryngium leavenworthii (Leavenworth eryngo)
Erysimum capitatum (western wallflower, prairie rocket)
Eschscholzia californica ssp. mexicana (Mexican gold poppy)
Euphorbia marginata (snow-on-the-mountain)
Eustoma russellianum (prairie or catchfly gentian, Texas bluebell)
Gaillardia pulchella (Indian blanket, firewheel)
Glandularia canadensis (rose vervain, sweet William)
Helianthus argophyllus (silverleaf sunflower)
Helianthus petiolaris (plains sunflower)
Hymenopappus artemisiifolius (old plainsman, woolly white)
Ipomopsis longiflora (white-flowered gilia)
Ipomopsis rubra (standing cypress)
Kallstroemia grandiflora (desert poppy, Mexican poppy)
Lepidium montanum (mountain peppergrass)
Lesquerella gordonii (Gordon's bladderpod)
Lesquerella gracilis (bladderpod)
Lindheimera texana (Texas star, Lindheimer daisy)
Linum rigidum (yellow flax)
Linum rupestre (rock flax)
Lobelia spicata (pale lobelia)
Lupinus concinnus (annual lupine, bajada lupine)
Lupinus havardii (Havard bluebonnet, Big Bend bluebonnet, chisos bluebonnet)
Lupinus subcarnosus (Texas bluebonnet)
Machaeranthera tanacetifolia (tahoka daisy, tansy aster)
Marshallia caespitosa var. caespitosa (Barbara's buttons)
Monarda citriodora (horsemint, lemon beebalm, lemon mint)
Nemophila phacelioides (baby blue eyes)
Oenothera albicaulis (pale evening primrose)
Oenothera biennis (common evening primrose)
Oenothera elata ssp. hookeri (giant evening primrose)
Oenothera primiveris (bottle evening primrose, Yellow desert primrose)
Palafoxia callosa (small palafoxia)
Pectis angustifolia (limoncillo, fetid marigold)
Phacelia congesta (blue curls)
Phlox drummondii (Drummond's Phlox)
Prionopsis ciliata
Proboscidea louisianica (unicorn plant, proboscis flower, ram's horn)
Rudbeckia hirta (black-eyed Susan)
Sabatia campestris (prairie rose gentian, prairie sabatia, meadow pink)
Sedum nuttallianum (yellow stonecrop)
Senecio ampullaceus (Texas groundsel)
Senecio glabellus (butterweed)
Senecio plattensis (prairie ragwort, prairie groundsel)
Simsia calva (awnless bush sunflower)
Streptanthus platycarpus (broadpod twist flower)
Teucrium laciniatum (dwarf germander, cutleaf germander)
Thelesperma filifolium var. filifolium (thelesperma, greenthread)
Thymophylla tenuiloba var. tenuiloba (dyssodia, dogweed, fetid marigold)
Townsendia exscapa (Easter daisy)
Verbesina encelioides (cowpen daisy)
Xanthisma texanum (sleepy daisy)
Forbs (perennials)
Abronia fragrans (sweet sand verbena)
Abutilon wrightii
Acacia angustissima (fern acacia, whiteball acacia)
Ageratina altissima var. altissima (white snakeroot)
Allium canadense (wild garlic)
Allium cernuum (nodding onion)
Allium drummondii (Drummond or wild onion)
Allium macropetalum (desert onion)
Allium stellatum (wild pink onion)
Alophia drummondii (purple pleatleaf)
Amoreuxia wrightii (yellow show)
Amsonia ciliata (blue funnel lily, blue star)
Amsonia tabernaemontana (blue star)
Anemone berlandieri (ten-petal anemone)
Anemone caroliniana (Carolina anemone, southern thimbleweed)
Antennaria marginata (pussytoes, everlasting)
Antennaria parlinii ssp. fallax (pussytoes, everlasting)
Apocynum androsaemifolium (spreading dogbane)
Aquilegia canadensis (columbine)
Aquilegia chrysantha (yellow columbine)
Arisaema triphyllum Back-in-the-pulpit, Indian turnip)
Artemisia ludoviciana (white sage, prairie sage, artemisia)
Asclepias asperula (antelope horns)
Asclepias incarnata (swamp milkweed)
Asclepias oenotheroides (hierba de zizotes)
Asclepias speciosa (showy milkweed)
Asclepias tuberosa (butterfly weed)
Asclepias verticillata (whorled milkweed)
Aster ericoides (heath aster, white wreath aster)
Aster oblongifolius (aromatic aster)
Aster oolentangiensis (sky blue aster)
Astragalus canadensis (milk vetch, Canada milk vetch)
Bahia absinthifolia (bahia, yerba raton)
Baptisia alba (white false indigo)
Baptisia alba var. macrophylla (cream false indigo, plains wild indigo)
Baptisia australis (blue wild indigo)
Berlandiera lyrata (green eyes, chocolate flower)
Callirhoe digitata (finger poppy mallow)
Callirhoe involucrata (purple poppy mallow, winecup)
Callirhoe papaver (poppy mallow)
Calylophus berlandieri (square-bud primrose, sundrops)
Calylophus hartwegii
Calylophus serrulatus (yellow evening primrose)
Camassia scilloides (wild hyacinth)
Campanula rotundifolia (harebell)
Castilleja integra (Indian paintbrush)
Castilleja sessiliflora (downy painted cup)
Claytonia virginica (narrow-leaved spring beauty)
Clitoria mariana (Atlantic pigeon wings)
Cooperia drummondii (rain lily, prairie lily)
Cooperia pedunculata (rain lily)
Coreopsis grandiflora (coreopsis)
Coreopsis lanceolata (lance-leaved coreopsis)
Coreopsis tripteris (tall coreopsis)
Dalea aurea (golden dalea)
Dalea candida (white prairie clover)
Dalea purpurea (purple prairie clover)
Delphinium carolinianum (blue larkspur)
Desmodium illinoense (Illinois tick-trefoil, Illinois tickclover)
Dichondra argentea (silver ponyfoot)
Dichondra carolinensis (ponyfoot)
Dodecatheon meadia (shooting star)
Echinacea angustifolia (narrow-leaved purple coneflower)
Echinacea purpurea (purple coneflower)
Engelmannia pinnatifida (Engelmann daisy)
Erigeron modestus (prairie fleabane)
Eriogonum annuum (buckwheat)
Eriogonum tenellum (buckwheat)
Eriogonum wrightii (Wright buckwheat)
Eryngium yuccifolium (rattlesnake master, button snake-root)
Erythrina herbacea (coral bean)
Eupatorium coelestinum (mist flower)
Eupatorium fistulosum (Joe-pye weed)
Eupatorium greggii (palmleaf thoroughwort)
Eupatorium perfoliatum (boneset)
Euphorbia corollata (flowering spurge)
Fragaria virginiana (wild strawberry)
Gaillardia pinnatifida (yellow gaillardia, blanket flower)
Gaillardia suavis (gaillardia, blanket flower)
Galium triflorum (sweet-scented bedstraw)
Gaura coccinea (scarlet gaura)
Gaura suffulta (wild honeysuckle, bee blossom)
Glandularia bipinnatifida var. bipinnatifida (prairie verbena, Dakota vervain)
Glycyrrhiza lepidota (wild licorice)
Habranthus tubispathus (copper lily)
Hedyotis nigricans (bluets)
Hedysarum boreale (sweet vetch, sweet broom)
Helenium autumnale (common sneezeweed)
Helianthus maximiliani (Maximilian sunflower)
Helianthus simulans (narrow-leaved sunflower, swamp sunflower)
Heliopsis helianthoides (ox-eye sunflower, false sunflower)
Heterotheca canescens (golden aster, camphor-weed)
Heterotheca villosa var. villosa (golden aster)
Heuchera rubescens var. versicolor (coral bells, alumroot)
Hibiscus laevis (halberd-leaved marsh mallow)
Hibiscus lasiocarpus (woolly rose mallow)
Hibiscus moscheutos (swamp rose mallow, marshmallow hibiscus)
Hieracium longipilum (hairy hawkweed)
Hymenocallis caroliniana (spider lily, rain lily)
Hypoxis hirsuta (yellow star grass)
Indigofera miniata (scarlet indigo)
Ipomoea leptophylla (bush morning glory)
Iris virginica (southern blue flag)
Kosteletzkya virginica (seashore mallow)
Lespedeza capitata (roundheaded bush clover)
Lesquerella fendleri (bladderpod)
Liatris aspera (rough blazing star, gayfeather)
Liatris elegans (gayfeather)
Liatris mucronata (narrow-leaf gayfeather)
Liatris punctata (dotted blazing star, gayfeather)
Liatris pycnostachya (prairie blazing star, gayfeather)
Liatris squarrosa (blazing star)
Linum lewisii (wild blue flax)
Lithospermum caroliniense (hairy puccoon, hispid gromwell)
Lithospermum incisum (fringed puccoon, narrow-leaved puccoon)
Lobelia cardinalis (cardinal flower)
Lobelia siphilitica (great blue lobelia)
Maianthemum racemosum ssp. racemosum (false Solomon's seal, false spikenard)
Manfreda virginica (rattlesnake master, false aloe)
Melampodium cinereum (black-foot)
Melampodium leucanthum (Blackfoot daisy, rock daisy)
Mimosa quadrivalvis var. angustata (catclaw sensitive briar)
Mimosa quadrivalvis var. nuttalii (catclaw sensitive briar)
Mitchella repens (partridge berry)
Monarda fistulosa (wild bergamot, horsemint, beebalm)
Monarda punctata (beebalm)
Nothocalais cuspidata (prairie dandelion)
Nuphar lutea (yellow pond lily, cow lily, spatter dock)
Nymphaea odorata (white water lily)
Oenothera brachycarpa (evening primrose)
Oenothera grandis
Oenothera laciniata (cut-leaved evening primrose)
Oenothera macrocarpa (Missouri evening primrose)
Oenothera speciosa (showy white evening primrose)
Penstemon albidus (white beardtongue)
Penstemon ambiguus (sand penstemon)
Penstemon baccharifolius (rock penstemon)
Penstemon barbatus (red penstemon, scarlet bugler)
Penstemon cobaea (cobaea penstemon, wild foxglove)
Penstemon digitalis (beardtongue)
Penstemon fendleri (fendler penstemon, purple foxglove)
Penstemon grandiflorus (large-flowered penstemon)
Penstemon jamesii (James' penstemon)
Penstemon murrayanus (red penstemon, cupleaf beardtongue)
Petrophytum caespitosum (dwarf spiraea, petrophytum, tufted rockmat)
Phlox carolina (Carolina phlox)
Phlox divaricata ssp. laphamii (blue phlox, sweet William)
Phlox nana (Santa Fe phlox, white-eyed phlox, canyon phlox)
Phlox pilosa (prairie phlox, downy phlox)
Physostegia digitalis (obedient plant)
Physostegia intermedia (obedient plant)
Physostegia virginiana (obedient plant, false dragonhead)
Pinaropappus roseus (white rock lettuce)
Pluchea camphorata (camphor-weed)
Podophyllum peltatum (May apple)
Polygonatum biflorum (Solomon's seal)
Porophyllum scoparium (poreleaf)
Potentilla simplex (common cinquefoil)
Psilostrophe tagetina (woolly paper-flower)
Pycnanthemum tenuifolium (slender mountain mint)
Ranunculus hispidus (early buttercup, tufted buttercup)
Ranunculus macranthus (large buttercup)
Ratibida columnifera (prairie coneflower, long-headed coneflower, Mexican hat)
Rhexia virginica (meadow beauty)
Rudbeckia fulgida (black-eyed Susan, orange coneflower)
Rudbeckia grandiflora (large coneflower)
Rudbeckia subtomentosa (sweet black-eyed Susan)
Ruellia humilis (wild petunia)
Ruellia nudiflora (wild petunia, violet ruellia)
Salvia arizonica (Arizona sage)
Salvia azurea (blue sage)
Salvia azurea var. grandiflora (blue sage)
Salvia coccinea (tropical sage)
Salvia engelmannii (Engelmann sage)
Salvia farinacea (mealy sage)
Salvia lyrata (cancer weed, lyre-leaf sage)
Sanguinaria candensis (bloodroot)
Scutellaria drummondii (Drummond skullcap)
Senna lindheimeriana (Lindheimer senna, velvetleaf senna)
Senna roemeriana (two-leaved senna)
Silene laciniata (southern Indian pink, catchfly, Mexican campion)
Silene stellata (starry campion)
Silphium albiflorum (compass plant)
Silphium laciniatum (compass plant)
Sisyrinchium angustifolium (narrow-leaved blue-eyed grass)
Sisyrinchium campestre (white-eyed grass, prairie blue-eyed grass)
Sisyrinchium chilense (prairie blue-eyed grass)
Solidago caesia (blue-stemmed goldenrod, wreath goldenrod)
Solidago canadensis (meadow goldenrod)
Solidago missouriensis (Missouri goldenrod, prairie goldenrod)
Solidago nemoralis (gray goldenrod, old-field goldenrod)
Solidago odora (sweet goldenrod)
Solidago rigida (stiff goldenrod)
Solidago rugosa (rough-leaved goldenrod)
Solidago sempervirens (seaside goldenrod)
Solidago speciosa (showy goldenrod)
Solidago ulmifolia (elm-leaved goldenrod)
Sphaeralcea angustifolia (globe mallow)
Sphaeralcea coccinea (scarlet globe mallow)
Spigelia marilandica (Indian pink)
Stachys coccinea (Texas betony)
Stanleya pinnata (desert or prince's plume)
Talinum aurantiacum (flame flower)
Tephrosia lindheimeri (Lindheimer tephrosia)
Tephrosia virginiana (goat's rue)
Tetraneuris acaulis var. acaulis (stemless goldflower, stemless rubber weed, Butte marigold)
Tetraneuris scaposa var. scaposa (four-nerve daisy, yellow daisy, bitterweed)
Thalictrum dasycarpum (tall or purple meadow rue)
Thymophylla micropoides (dyssodia)
Thymophylla pentachaeta var. pentachaeta (parralena)
Tinantia anomala (false dayflower)
Tradescantia gigantea (giant spiderwort)
Tradescantia hirsuticaulis (hairy spiderwort)
Tradescantia ohiensis (Ohio spiderwort)
Varilla texana (saladillo)
Verbena halei (slender or mint vervain)
Verbena stricta (hoary vervain)
Vernonia baldwinii (ironweed, western ironweed)
Vernonia lindheimeri (woolly ironweed)
Viguiera dentata (goldeneye)
Viola missouriensis (Missouri violet)
Viola pedata (bird-foot violet)
Wedelia acapulcensis var. hispida (wedelia)
Zinnia grandiflora (Rocky Mountain zinnia, yellow zinnia, plains zinnia)
Zizia aurea (golden alexanders)
Grasses/Grass-like plants
Agrostis exarata (spikebent, spike red top)
Agrostis scabra (ticklegrass, fly-away grass)
Andropogon gerardii (big bluestem)
Andropogon glomeratus (bushy bluestem)
Andropogon hallii (sand bluestem)
Andropogon ternarius (splitbeard bluestem)
Andropogon virginicus (broom sedge)
Aristida purpurea (purple three awn)
Aristida purpurea var. longiseta (red three awn)
Arundinaria gigantea (giant cane)
Bouteloua curtipendula (sideoats grama)
Bouteloua eriopoda (black grama)
Bouteloua gracilis (blue grama)
Bouteloua hirsuta (hairy grama)
Bouteloua rigidiseta (Texas grama)
Buchloe dactyloides (buffalograss)
Carex cherokeensis (sedge)
Chasmanthium latifolium (inland sea oats, wild oats, river oats, broad-leaf uniola)
Chloris crinita (two-flowered trichloris)
Cladium jamaicense (sawgrass)
Danthonia spicata (poverty grass)
Digitaria californica (cottontop)
Digitaria cognata (fall witchgrass)
Distichlis spicata (seashore saltgrass)
Eleocharis palustris (creeping spikesedge, spike rush)
Elymus canadensis (Canada wild rye)
Eragrostis intermedia (plains lovegrass)
Eragrostis spectabilis (purple lovegrass, tumblegrass)
Hilaria belangeri (curly mesquite)
Hilaria mutica (tobosa grass)
Juncus effusus var. solutus (soft rush)
Juncus interior (inland rush)
Koeleria macrantha (June grass)
Leersia oryzoides (rice cut grass)
Leptochloa dubia (green sprangletop)
Melica nitens (three-flower melic grass)
Muhlenbergia capillaris (gulf muhly, hair grass)
Muhlenbergia lindheimeri (Lindheimer muhly)
Muhlenbergia montana (mountain muhly)
Muhlenbergia porteri (bush muhly)
Muhlenbergia reverchonii (seep muhly)
Muhlenbergia rigida (purple muhly)
Oryzopsis hymenoides (Indian ricegrass)
Panicum obtusum (vine mesquite)
Panicum virgatum (switchgrass)
Pappophorum bicolor (pink pappusgrass)
Pascopyrum smithii (western wheatgrass)
Piptochaetium fimbriatum (pinyon rice grass, burrograss)
Poa arachnifera (Texas bluegrass)
Rhynchospora colorata (star-rush whitetop)
Saccharum giganteum (sugarcane plume grass)
Schizachyrium scoparium (little bluestem)
Scirpus acutus (hardstem bulrush)
Scirpus cyperinus (wool grass)
Scirpus maritimus (alkali bulrush, prairie bulrush, bayonet grass)
Scirpus tabernaemontani (great bulrush)
Scleropogon brevifolius (burrograss, plains bristlegrass)
Sorghastrum nutans (Indian grass)
Spartina patens (marsh hay cordgrass, salt meadow cordgrass)
Spartina pectinata (prairie cordgrass, freshwater cordgrass)
Spartina spartinae (Gulf cordgrass)
Sporobolus airoides (alkali sacaton)
Sporobolus compositus var. compositus (tall dropseed)
Sporobolus cryptandrus (sand dropseed)
Sporobolus flexuosus (mesa dropseed)
Sporobolus giganteus (giant dropseed)
Sporobolus heterolepis (northern prairie dropseed)
Sporobolus pyramidatus (whorled dropseed)
Stipa comata (needle-and-thread grass)
Stipa nelsonii (Columbia needlegrass)
Tripsacum dactyloides (eastern gama grass)
Typha latifolia (cattail)
Zizaniopsis miliacea (Texas wild rice, marsh millet)
Shrubs (deciduous)
Abutilon hypoleucum (Rio Grande abutilon)
Acacia berlandieri (guajillo)
Acacia greggii var. wrightii (catclaw, Wright acacia)
Acacia rigidula (black brush, chapano prieto, catclaw, gavia)
Acacia roemeriana (Roemer acacia, catclaw)
Agave harvardiana (Harvard agave)
Agave neomexicana (century plant, New Mexico agave)
Ageratina havanensis (mistflower)
Alnus serrulata (smooth alder)
Aloysia gratissima (beebrush, whitebrush, privet lippia)
Aloysia macrostachya (Rio Grande or woolly beebrush)
Amelanchier arborea (downy serviceberry, shadbush, Juneberry)
Amelanchier utahensis (Utah serviceberry)
Amorpha canescens (leadplant)
Amorpha fruticosa (false indigo, indigo bush)
Anisacanthus quadrifidus var. wrightii (flame acanthus, hummingbird bush)
Artemisia filifolia (sand sage)
Atriplex canescens (four-wing saltbush, wingscale)
Atriplex confertifolia (spiny saltbush, shadscale saltbush, hop sage)
Baccharis halimifolia (sea myrtle, groundsel bush)
Bauhinia congesta (orchid tree, anacacho orchid tree)
Bouvardia ternifolia (smooth bouvardia)
Calliandra eriophylla (fairy duster, mesquitilla)
Callicarpa americana (American beautyberry, French mulberry)
Castanea pumila (chinquapin)
Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey tea, red root)
Ceanothus greggii var. vestitus (desert ceanothus)
Celtis pallida (desert hackberry, granjeno)
Cephalanthus occidentalis (buttonbush)
Choisya dumosa (Mexican orange, zorrillo)
Chrysothamnus nauseosus (rabbit brush, chamisa)
Clethra alnifolia (summer sweet)
Colubrina texensis (Texas snakewood, hog plum)
Condalia ericoides (javelina bush, tecomblate)
Condalia hookeri (condalia, brasil)
Cornus drummondii (rough-leaf dogwood)
Dalea formosa (feather plume, feather dalea)
Dalea frutescens (black dalea)
Dalea greggii (indigo bush, Gregg dalea)
Dalea scoparia (broom dalea, broom pea)
Dasylirion wheeleri (Sotol, desert pampas grass, Desert spoon)
Diospyros texana (Texas or Mexican persimmon, chapote)
Ephedra trifurca (ephedra, joint fir)
Eupatorium odoratum (blue mistflower, crucita)
Euonymus americana (strawberry bush, brook euonymus, hearts-a-bustin')
Euonymus atropurpurea (wahoo, burning bush)
Eysenhardtia texana (kidneywood, vara dulce)
Fallugia paradoxa (Apache plume)
Fendlera rupicola (false mock orange, cliff fendler bush)
Forestiera acuminata (swamp privet)
Forestiera pubescens (desert olive, elbow-bush, forestiera)
Forestiera reticulata (nutleaf forestiera)
Fouquieria splendens (ocotillo, candlewood)
Frangula caroliniana (Carolina buckthorn)
Fraxinus greggii (littleleaf ash, Gregg ash, escobilla)
Hamamelis vernalis (vernal witch hazel)
Hesperaloe parviflora (red-flowered yucca)
Hibiscus coulteri (desert rose mallow, Coulter hibiscus)
Hibiscus denudatus (rock hibiscus)
Hibiscus martianus (heart-leaf hibiscus)
Holodiscus dumosus (bush rock-spires, cream bush, ocean spray)
Hypericum hypericoides ssp. hypericoides (St. Andrew's cross)
Ilex verticillata (winterberry, black alder)
Itea virginica (Virginia willow, sweetspire, tassel-white)
Krascheninnikovia lanata (winterfat)
Lantana urticoides (trailing lantana, calico bush)
Lindera benzoin (spicebush)
Lonicera albiflora (white honeysuckle)
Lycium carolinianum (Christmas berry, matrimony vine)
Lyonia ligustrina (male-berry, male-blueberry)
Malvaviscus drummondii (Turk's-cap mallow, Texas wax mallow, Mexican apple, Manzanilla)
Mimosa borealis (pink mimosa, fragrant mimosa)
Nolina texana (sacahuista, basket grass, Texas beargrass)
Parkinsonia texana var. texana (palo verde)
Parthenium argentatum (guayule)
Parthenium incanum (mariola)
Poliomintha incana (mintbush)
Prunus gracilis (Oklahoma plum)
Prunus virginiana (chokecherry)
Ptelea trifoliata (wafer ash, common hoptree)
Quercus sinuata var. breviloba (shin oak)
Rhododendron canescens (wild, piedmont, or sweet azalea)
Rhododendron oblongifolium (Texas azalea)
Rhododendron prinophyllum (roseshell azalea, early azalea)
Rhus aromatica (fragrant sumac)
Rhus copallinum (dwarf or winged sumac)
Rhus glabra (smooth sumac)
Rhus lanceolata (prairie flameleaf sumac, lanceleaf sumac)
Rhus microphylla (desert sumac, littleleaf sumac, correosa)
Ribes odoratum (buffalo currant, golden currant)
Robinia neomexicana (New Mexico locust, mescal bean)
Rosa arkansana (prairie rose)
Rosa carolina (Carolina rose)
Rosa setigera (Illinois or prairie rose)
Rosa stellata (desert rose)
Rosa woodsii (western wild rose, woods rose)
Salvia ballotaeflora (shrubby blue sage)
Salvia regla (royal sage, mountain sage)
Sambucus canadensis (elderberry, common elder)
Sambucus mexicana (Mexican elderberry)
Sarcobatus vermiculatus (greasewood)
Senna wislizenii (shrubby senna, canyon senna)
Sideroxylon lanuginosum ssp. lanuginosum (chittamwood, gum elastic tree)
Stewartia malacodendron (silky camellia)
Styrax americanus (American silverbells)
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus (coralberry, Indian currant)
Symphoricarpos oreophilus (mountain snowberry)
Tecoma stans (yellow bells, trumpet flower)
Vaccinium arboreum (sparkleberry, farkleberry)
Viburnum acerifolium (maple leaf viburnum)
Viburnum dentatum (southern arrowwood)
Viburnum nudum (possumhaw viburnum)
Viburnum prunifolium (black haw, nanny berry)
Viburnum rufidulum (southern or rusty black haw)
Yucca arkansana (Arkansas yucca, softleaf yucca)
Yucca baccata (blue yucca, banana yucca, fleshy-fruited yucca)
Yucca constricta (Buckley yucca)
Yucca elata (soaptree yucca, palmella)
Yucca glauca (yucca, soapweed)
Yucca rupicola (twistleaf yucca)
Yucca treculeana (trecul yucca)
Shrubs (evergreen)
Avicennia germinans (black mangrove)
Ceanothus fendleri (Fendler ceanothus, buckbrush)
Cercocarpus montanus (mountain mahogany, silverleaf mountain mahogany)
Chrysactinia mexicana (damianita)
Cordia podocephala (cluster cordia)
Ericameria laricifolia (larchleaf goldenweed, turpentine bush)
Garrya ovata ssp. lindheimeri (Lindheimer silk tassel)
Garrya wrightii (Wright's catclaw, Wright's silk tassel)
Ilex vomitoria (yaupon)
Juniperus monosperma (one-seed juniper)
Larrea tridentata (creosote bush)
Leucophyllum frutescens (cenizo, Texas sage, purple sage)
Mahonia repens (creeping barberry)
Mahonia swaseyi (Texas barberry)
Mahonia trifoliolata (agarito, trifoliate barberry)
Myrica cerifera (wax myrtle, southern bayberry, candleberry)
Pithecellobium ebano (Texas ebony, ebano)
Purshia ericaefolia (heath cliffrose)
Rhus choriophylla (evergreen sumac)
Rhus virens (evergreen sumac, tobacco sumac)
Sabal minor (dwarf palmetto)
Salvia greggii (autumn sage)
Vauquelinia angustifolia (guauyul, palo prieto)
Viguiera stenoloba (resin bush)
Trees (deciduous)
Acacia farnesiana (huisache, sweet acacia)
Acer barbatum (Florida maple, southern sugar maple)
Acer grandidentatum (bigtooth maple)
Acer leucoderme (chalk maple)
Acer negundo (box elder)
Acer rubrum (red maple)
Aesculus glabra (Ohio buckeye, horse chestnut)
Aesculus glabra var. arguta (white buckeye, Texas buckeye)
Aesculus pavia var. pavia (red buckeye)
Betula nigra (river birch)
Carpinus caroliniana (blue beech, hornbeam, musclewood)
Carya alba (mockernut hickory)
Carya cordiformis (bitternut, swamp hickory)
Carya illinoinensis (pecan)
Carya ovata (shagbark hickory)
Carya texana (black hickory)
Celtis laevigata (sugarberry, hackberry)
Celtis laevigata var. reticulata (netleaf hackberry)
Celtis occidentalis (hackberry, sugarberry)
Cercis canadensis (redbud)
Chilopsis linearis (desert willow, trumpet flower)
Chionanthus virginicus (fringe tree, old man's beard)
Cornus florida (flowering dogwood)
Cotinus obovatus (smoke tree)
Crataegus crus-galli (cockspur hawthorn)
Crataegus marshallii (parsley hawthorn)
Cyrilla racemiflora (leatherwood, yiti)
Diospyros virginiana (persimmon)
Fagus grandifolia var. caroliniana (beech)
Fraxinus americana (white ash)
Fraxinus berlandieriana (Mexican ash, Fresno)
Fraxinus cuspidata (flowering ash)
Fraxinus pensylvanica (green ash)
Fraxinus texensis (Texas ash)
Fraxinus velutina (Arizona ash, Velvet ash, desert ash)
Gleditsia triacanthos (honey locust)
Halesia diptera (American snowdrop tree, two-winged silverbell)
Hamamelis virginiana (witch hazel)
Ilex decidua (possum-haw, deciduous holly)
Juglans major (Arizona walnut)
Juglans microcarpa (Texas walnut, river walnut, little walnut)
Juglans nigra (black walnut)
Leucaena retusa (goldenball lead-tree)
Liquidambar styraciflua (sweet gum)
Magnolia pyramidata (pyramid magnolia)
Magnolia virginiana (sweetbay, swampbay)
Malus angustifolia (southern crabapple, wild crabapple)
Nyssa sylvatica (black gum, tupelo)
Ostrya virginiana (ironwood, hophornbeam)
Platanus occidentalis (sycamore, plane-tree)
Populus deltoides (eastern cottonwood)
Populus fremontii (western cottonwood)
Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen)
Prosopsis pubescens (tornillo, screwbean mesquite)
Prunus angustifolia (chickasaw plum)
Prunus mexicana (Mexican plum)
Prunus serotina (black cherry)
Quercus alba (white oak)
Quercus falcata (southern red oak, Spanish oak)
Quercus gambeli (Gambel's oak, Rocky Mountain white oak)
Quercus gravesii (Grave's oak, chisos red oak)
Quercus grisea (gray oak, Mexican blue oak)
Quercus incana (blue jack oak)
Quercus laceyi (lacey oak)
Quercus laurifolia (laurel oak)
Quercus lyrata (overcup oak)
Quercus macrocarpa (bur oak)
Quercus marilandica (blackjack oak)
Quercus muhlenbergii (chinkapin oak, chestnut oak)
Quercus phellos (willow oak)
Quercus shumardii (shumard oak)
Quercus stellata (post oak)
Quercus texana (Texas red oak, Spanish oak)
Quercus velutina (black oak)
Salix nigra (black willow)
Sapindus saponaria var. drummondii (soapberry)
Sassafras albidum (sassafras)
Taxodium distichum (bald cypress)
Tilia americana (American linden, basswood)
Ulmus americana (American elm)
Ulmus crassifolia (cedar elm)
Ulmus rubra (red elm, slippery elm)
Trees (evergreen)
Acacia constricta (whitethorn, mescat acacia)
Arbutus xalapensis (Texas madrone)
Cupressus arizonica (Arizona cypress)
Ehretia anacua (anacua, sandpaper tree, knock-away)
Ilex opaca (American holly, Christmas holly)
Juniperus ashei (rock or post cedar, Ashe or Mexican juniper)
Juniperus deppeana (alligator or western juniper)
Juniperus pinchotii (red-berry juniper)
Juniperus scopulorum (Rocky Mountain juniper)
Juniperus virginiana (eastern red cedar)
Magnolia grandiflora (southern magnolia)
Persea borbonia (red bay)
Pinus cembroides (Mexican pinyon)
Pinus echinata (shortleaf pine)
Pinus edulis (pinyon pine, Colorado pinyon)
Pinus palustris (longleaf pine)
Pinus ponderosa (ponderosa pine)
Pinus strobiformis (southwestern white pine)
Pinus taeda (loblolly pine)
Prunus caroliniana (cherry laurel)
Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas fir)
Quercus arizonica (Arizona white oak)
Quercus emoryi
Quercus fusiformis (escarpment live oak)
Quercus virginiana (live oak, coastal live oak, southern live oak)
Vines (deciduous)
Bignonia capreolata (cross vine)
Campsis radicans (trumpet creeper, trumpet vine)
Celastrus scandens (American bittersweet)
Clematis drummondi (Texas virgin's bower, old man's beard)
Clematis pitched (leather flower, purple clematis)
Clematis texensis (scarlet clematis)
Lonicera sempervirens (coral honeysuckle)
Maurandya antirrhiniflora (snapdragon vine)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia creeper)
Parthenocissus quinquefolia var. quinquefolia (woodbine)
Passiflora incarnata (passion flower, maypop)
Passiflora lutea (yellow passion flower, may pop)
Vitis arizonica (Arizona grape, canyon grape)
Vitis riparia (riverbank grape)
Vitis rotundifolia (muscadine grape)
Wisteria frutescens (wisteria)
Vine (evergreen)
Gelsemium sempervirens (yellow jessamine, Carolina jessamine)
Federally Listed Endangered Species
Ashy dogweed (Thymophylla tephroleuca)
Black lace cactus (Echinocereus reichenbachii (melanocentrus) var. albertii)
Bunched cory cactus (Coryphantha ramillosa)
Chisos Mountain hedgehog cactus (Echinocereus chisoensis var. chisoensis)
Davis' green pitaya (Echinocereus viridiflorus var. davisii)
Hinckley's oak (Quercus hinckleyi)
Johnston's frankenia (Frankenia johnstonii)
Large-fruited sand-verbena (Abronia macrocarpa)
Little Aguja pondweed (Potamogeton clystocarpus)
Lloyd's Mariposa cactus (Echinomastus (Sclerocactus) mariposensis)
Lloyd's hedgehog cactus (Echinocereus lloydii)
Navasota ladies'-tresses (Spiranthes parksii)
Nellie cory cactus (Coryphantha (Escobaria) minima)
Slender rush-pea (Hoffmannseggia tenella)
Sneed pincushion cactus (Coryphantha sneedii var. sneedii)
South Texas ambrosia (Ambrosia cheiranthifolia)
Star cactus (Astrophytum asterias)
Terlingua Creek cats-eye (Cryptantha crassipes)
Texas ayenia (Ayenia limitaris)
Texas poppy-mallow (Callirhoe scabriuscula)
Texas prairie dawn-flower (Texas bitterweed) Hymenoxys texana)
Texas snowbells (Styrax texana)
Texas trailing phlox (Phlox nivalis ssp. texensis)
Texas wild-rice (zizania texana)
Tobusch fishhook cactus (Ancistrocactus tobuschii)
Walker's manioc (Manihot walkerae)
White bladderpod (Lesquerella pallida)
Texas Noxious Species
Because the noxious weed lists have continually changed since we gathered them in 1994, we are not including them at this time. Not all States have noxious weed lists. Those that do, do not use the same standards of importance and are not comparable. States typically have included plants that interfere with agriculture (Canada thistle), or cause human health problems (poison ivy). Some States are now including a category of plants that invade and degrade the environment (purple loosestrife). Check with your State's Agriculture Department or Weed Scientist listed below. The noxious weed list can be used two ways on roadsides: 1) check to not inadvertently plant these invasive plants, and 2) note the plants you are legally responsible to control. Many States now check adjacent State lists to avoid planting their neighbors' problem plants. Because weeds do not respect political boundaries, and because by their very nature weeds continue to adapt and expand, monitoring and controlling invasives at State borders is a wise part of vegetation management.
(Seed Law)
Department of Agriculture
Plant Quality Program
PO Box 12847
Austin, TX 78711
Paul Baumann
Soil and Crop Sciences
Texas A&M University
College Station, TX 77843
(409) 845-0877
Texas Resources
Wildlife Diversity Program
Texas Parks and Wildlife Dept.
3000 IH-35 South, Ste. 100
Austin, TX 78705
(512) 912-7011
The Nature Conservancy Field Office
PO Box 1440
San Antonio, TX 78295
(210) 224-8774
Native Plant Society of Texas
PO Box 891
Georgetown, TX 78627
Native Prairies Association of Texas
3503 Lafayette Avenue
Austin, TX 78722
Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center
4801 La Crosse Avenue
Austin, TX 78739
(512) 292-4200
Mercer Arboretum and Botanic Gardens
2306 Aldine-Westfield
Humble, TX 77338
Chihuahuan Desert Research Institute
PO Box 1334
Alpine, TX 79831
Wayne McCully, Harlow Landphair
Texas Transportation Institute
College Station, TX 77843
(409) 845-8539
